Studi Kebutuhan Sumberdaya Bidan Dalam Optimalisasi Pencapaian Indikator Kinerja Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB)

Abstract

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is one of the key indicators for assessing the quality of maternal and child health services. In recent years, there has been a concerning increase in Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR), accompanied by the uneven distribution of midwives across regions, including Jepara Regency. This situation poses serious challenges in providing quality neonatal and maternal health services. This study aims to analyse the resource needs of midwives to optimize the achievement of IMR performance indicators in Jepara Regency. The method of this research is a descriptive qualitative study using data collected through in-depth interviews with midwives, heads of community health centers (Puskesmas), hospital directors, and the maternal and child health (MCH) coordinator of the local Health Office. The research was conducted in Jepara Regency. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. Results of the study identified several strengths, including the availability of neonatal care Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), interprofessional collaboration, the use of digital systems (SIMPUS, e-Kinerja), and routine training in healthcare facilities. However, weaknesses were also noted, such as the insufficient number of midwives, unequal distribution of human resources, limited emergency neonatal equipment, and suboptimal implementation of SOPs and neonatal death audits. Strategic opportunities include national policy support (Special Allocation Fund, civil servant/contract recruitment), collaboration with educational institutions and professional organizations, and digital service innovations. External threats include reliance on central government funding, high workloads, and referral system delays. The Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS) showed a score of +0.70, indicating internal strengths outweigh weaknesses, while the External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS) revealed external opportunities that can be leveraged to develop sustainable strategies for IMR reduction. This study highlights the importance of equitable distribution of midwives, continuous training, policy strengthening, and the utilization of digital technology. A collaborative and multifaceted approach involving all stakeholders is key to delivering responsive, high-quality, and equitable neonatal care services throughout Jepara Regency.